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Themed by EnjuFolio · Crafted by Elara Liu

Mapping the Role of Wearable and mHealth Technologies in Stress: A Scoping Review

Zhuoran Liu

Advised by:Dr. Nabil I Alshurafa (Northwestern University)

Sep, 2024

Keywords:
Wearable sensingmHealthStress measurementScoping reviewHeart rate variability (HRV)Telemedicine

Abstract

I conducted a PRISMA-ScR scoping review of 42 studies using wearables, mHealth apps, and telemedicine for stress, mapping sensors, biomarkers, and scales to show where the field converges (HRV-focused pilots) and where evidence is thin (hormones, telemedicine, diverse populations) for future interventions.

1 Overview

Working with my advisor’s lab, I led the design and execution of a structured scoping review that asked a deceptively simple question: how are wearable and mHealth technologies really being used to capture and intervene on stress in practice? I built and iterated on a search and coding protocol across PubMed and IEEE Xplore, refining inclusion criteria, stress definitions, and data-extraction templates whenever borderline papers or conflicting labels broke the scheme. During dual-review screening, I regularly revisited our categories with my co-reviewer and advisor—especially when studies mixed HRV, cortisol, and app-based self-reports in ways our initial framework could not neatly describe—until we reached a stable taxonomy of study designs, sensors, and outcomes. The final map shows a field dominated by small, HRV-centered pilots with short follow-up, scattered use of hormonal markers and telemedicine, and limited attention to underserved populations, and it now anchors how I think about designing next-generation, wearable-driven stress interventions that are both methodologically sound and scalable beyond narrow laboratory samples.